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Getting Rid Of Bed Bugs - How To Kill Bed Bugs


Prepare the area : Pretreatment Procedures

  • Reduce clutter to make inspection easier. Be careful in removal of any items in other area where you may transfer bed bugs.
  • Personal items (stuffed animals, soft toys, blankets) should be removed, cleaned with a vacuum cleaner, and bagged in plastic for for a couple of days with Nuvan Strips if infestation is severe. You can also bag your laptops, phones, radios in a bag as well. The insecticide in the Nuvan strips will not harm these items and is a non residual, so you don't have to launder these items after using the Nuvan strips
  • If you dismantle the bed frames, you may expose additional bedbug hiding sites.
  • Remove drawers from desks and dressers and turn furniture over, if possible, to inspect and clean all hiding spots. All furniture should be pulled away from the walls.
  • Stand up the box spring and shine a flashlight through the gauze fabric to expose bed bugs.If the fabric is torn ( possible hiding place), remove fabric to prepare for spraying. If the mattress and or box springs are infested, you may want to consider Bed Bug Certified Encasements by Mattress Safe. Once covered with these encasements, bed bugs can not enter or exit. There is no need to treat the mattress or box spring with these encasements. Keep them on for a year.
  • Caulk and seal all holes where pipes and wires penetrate walls and floor, and fill cracks around baseboards and moldings to further reduce harboring areas .
  • Since infested garments and bed linen can't be treated with insecticide they will need to be laundered in hot water (120°F minimum). If washing is not available, sometimes heating the garments or bed linen for several minutes in a clothes dryer may work.
  • Thoroughly clean the infested rooms .Scrub infested surfaces with a stiff brush to dislodge eggs.
  • Vacuum in area of bed bug areas with an vacuum attachment. Vacuum along baseboards, nearby furniture, bed stands, rails, headboards, foot boards,bed seams, tufts, buttons, edges of the bedding as well as the edges of the carpets(particularly along the tack strips) are key areas to vacuum. A good vacuum cleaning job may remove particles from cracks and crevices to encourage greater insecticide penetration. Bed bugs cling tightly to surfaces, so it is best to repeat the vacuuming by scraping the end of the vacuum attachment over the infested areas to pull them up. It would not be good to use a bristle attachment because you may transfer bed bugs to other areas in the brush. Dispose of vacuum cleaner bag afterward.
  • Caulk cracks and crevices in the building exterior and also repair or screen openings to exclude birds, bats, and rodents that can serve as alternate hosts for bed bugs.
  • Monitoring devices such as the BDS bed bug detection system should be placed to help determine areas of dense populations. It is important to know that these devises are for monitoring only. Lack of trapped bed bugs does not necessarily mean that you are bed bug free.

bed bug control products

Inspection

To inspect well, it may be helpful to briefly understand Bed Bug Diet and Bedbug Habits
Because the bed bugs may be difficult to see with the naked eye, we recommend an industrial powered magnifier such as Carson's Dual View Magnifier. and a flashlight.

Dual View Magnifier
Dual View Industrial Magnifier

Bedbug Pictures : What does a bed bug look like?

adult male bedbug
Adult Male Bed Bug
adult female bedbug
Adult Female Bed Bug
Bed Bug Nymph
Bed Bug Nymph

The common bed bug is visible to the naked eye. Adult bed bugs are brown to reddish-brown, oval-shaped, flattened, and about 1/4 to 5/8 inch long. Their flat shape enables them to readily hide in cracks and crevices. After a blood meal, the body elongates and becomes swollen. Eggs are not known to be placed on the host's body but are found on surfaces near where the host sleeps.

Look in any place that offers darkness, isolation and protection. These bugs will often wander. Inspect adjoining rooms where an infestation is found. Even when the bed bugs themselves cannot be found, their hiding places can be located by looking for the spots of fecal material they often leave in easily visible places. Aerosols like CB-80, PT 565 or V-One have pyrethrins as an active ingredient. Pyrethrins will help flush out the bed bugs for easier inspection. These aerosols will kill on contact, but here the idea is to flush them out for inspection. Simply insert the crack and crevice tip of the aerosol in the hiding place to see if any bed bugs are flushed out.


Dark spots of bed bug excrement on a mattress.
(M. Potter, Univ. of Kentucky)

Fecal spots and the bloody spots(looks like rust) left on sheets and pillowcases when engorged bugs are crushed serve as sure signs of infestation. Adult bed bugs are about 1/4-inch long and reddish-brown, with oval, flattened bodies. Bed bugs prefer to hide in cracks and crevices during the daytime and come out to feed on the host's blood at night, usually while the host is sleeping. Because they can flatten their bodies, they can fit in very small crevices, specially around the bed area. They are found in habitual hiding places, preferably close to a blood meal. Even though the their preference is to be close they will travel several feet for a blood meal. Initial infestations tend to be around beds, but the bugs eventually may become scattered throughout a room, occupying any crevice or protected location. They also can spread to adjacent rooms or apartments.

Look for areas close by where the bed bugs are biting. Main areas of inspection are cracks and crevices in head and foot boards and attached side railings and supports. Look for any cracks or crevices where bed bugs may crawl into to hide. If the top of the mattress has any rips , the bed bugs may hide there as well. Look also in your boxsprings, both top and bottom for any rips that might shelter these bugs.

Inspection Check List:

  • Cracks and crevices in head and foot boards, attached side railings and supports
  • Inspect mattresses top, sides and bottom. Check all buttons, seams and rips.
  • Inspect electrical switch plates, pictures on walls, wall posters
  • Inspect cracks in plaster or seams in wall paper.
  • Inspect electrical appliances-radios, phones, televisions, ect.,looking in hiding places.
  • Inspect tack strips under wall-to-wall carpeting and behind baseboards
  • Inspect secondhand beds, bedding, and furniture. The newer better built mattresses do not offer as much shelter and protection for the bed bugs to hide.

(Part A)

Do I Have to Throw Out the Mattress?

This question would be answered upon the condition of the mattress or size of infestation. If there are holes or tears in the gauze fabric or fabric of the mattress, bed bugs and eggs may be inside, as well as outside. There are restrictions on how beds can be treated with insecticides.

We do carry a line of mattress covers and boxspring covers(Mattress Safe Products) that are bedbug certified to place over your mattress or boxspring so you don't have to throw them away. If using an labeled insecticide on the mattress or boxspring, apply on mattress or box springs and zip it up.

The mattress and box spring covers are so good that you don't even need to treat the mattress or box springs with an approved insecticide .

It has a patented hook to keep the bed bugs inside the encasement, they cannot escape. Keep the encasement in place for one year(due to bed bug cycles)

mattress safe mattress encasements
Mattress Safe Products

If you decide against these certified bed bug encasements, use insecticides labeled for beds such as Steri-Fab , Cimexa Dust, Phantom Aerosol, Bedlam Aerosol or Temprid SC (See below)

 

How to treat the mattress with insecticides:

Look carefully at the folds and seams of the mattress, the headboard, foot board (if present), box spring/support platform, frame, etc for bedbugs and treat these area after vacumming.

The following residual insecticides or dusts are labeled to spray or dust mattresses:

Dusts lasts longer, but the crack and crevice tips on the Phantom and Bedlams areosols enable you to get into the smallest cracks. It is a good idea to use both. Temprid SC may be used on the dufts and seams of mattresses as well as a good residual sprayed in other recommended treatment areas such as night stands, chests, dressers, couches and chairs.

 

(Part B)

Treat all baseboards and furniture (Night Stand, Chests, Dressers, Couches and Chairs)

Bed Bug Treatment : Sprays and Dusts

There are several products on the market that work well for bed bugs:

Apply residual liquid, aerosol or dust residual insecticides such as Alpine PT Aerosol (PT Alpine aerosol is effective against insecticide-resistant bed bugs). , Cyzmic CS , Temprid SC, Bedlam Insecticide Aerosol ,  Phantom Aerosol and Cimexa Dust

It is best to use a combination of these products for application purposes.

You can get these at discounted rates in be form of kits at bed bug kits Bed Bug Kits
The kits have the residual insecticide with the dust and aerosols.

cyzmic cs
Cyzmic CS cannot be used on mattresses on boxsprings.

Cyzmic CS Usage : Mix 12 ml.(about 1/2 oz)(measurements on the bottle)of Cyzmic CS with one gallon of water(Remember to use what you mix-within 24 hours.) Adjust the spray pattern to a mist by turning the nozzle. A low fine mist is best for most spraying, but you may need to use a stream to get into some cracks and crevices. If you can't get into the cracks and crevices use one of the aerosols described below with it's crack and crevice tips to reach into these areas.

temprid sc
Temprid SC can be used on mattresses and boxsprings. See details below

Temprid SC Usage: Mix 8 ml.(about 1/3 oz)(measurements on the bottle)of Temprid SC with one gallon of water(Remember to use what you mix-within 24 hours.) Adjust the spray pattern to a mist by turning the nozzle. A low fine mist is best for most spraying, but you may need to use a stream to get into some cracks and crevices. If you can't get into the cracks and crevices use one of the aerosols described below with it's crack and crevice tips to reach into these areas.

Temprid SC controls bed bug populations that are resistant to pyrethroid insecticides.

For infested mattresses, remove linens and wash before reuse. Apply Temprid to tufts, seams, folds, and edges until moist. Allow to dry before remaking bed. Do not spray bed linens

Apply Temprid SC to bedsprings, box springs, and the interior of bed frames or headboards, including all cracks and joints.

When bed bugs are found in upholstered furniture, apply only to the infested tufts, seams, folds and edges, but do not apply to flat surfaces where prolonged human contact will occur. If bugs heavily infest furniture (inside cushions and/or batting) apply a labeled insecticide dust or consider fumigation.

Apply as a crack and crevice treatment to all baseboards, moldings, beneath floor coverings and carpets, closets, shelves, curtains, furniture and picture frames that may provide harborage to bed bugs.

Re-apply Temprid SC every 7 to 10 days, as needed, until infestation is eliminated.

Aerosols( Alpine PT or Bedlam) Usage : Simply attach the plastic tip to the aerosol can. Apply as a crack and crevice or spot treatment where evidence of bed bugs occurs. This includes bed frames, box springs, inside empty dressers, clothes closets, curtain rods, hollow spaces, carpet edges, high and low wall moldings and wallpaper edges.

Top recommendation is alpine aerosol Alpine PT Aerosol

Spray liquid insecticides or aerosols :

  • Spray around and under the bed and along the baseboards near the bed. After removing the drawers from the furniture, the inside of the cabinetry should be sprayed as well as the bottom and sides of the drawers. Do not treat the inside of the drawers. If needed the clothes in the drawers should be removed and laundered.
  • Spray around the inside of the closet, door frame and door.
  • Spray molding at top and bottom of room. Spray around windows.
  • Spray seams of drawers, both top and bottom. Spray dressers from below. Spray where dressers touch the floor.
  • Spray where bed touches floor, spray chairs and underneath chairs.
  • Spray all baseboards, loose plaster, behind bed frames and headboards, beneath beds and furniture, and bedsprings and bed frames. Do not apply to furniture surfaces or mattresses where people will be laying or sitting. Infested bedding should not be treated, but should be removed, placed in sealed plastic bags, and taken for laundering and drying at high temperatures.

Dust Usage: (Do not dust on top of moist insecticides)
Put dust into duster. Remove switch plates and electrical outlet covers and dust into the openings. Dust any items hanging on the wall such as pictures with a small paint brush. Use a small paint brush to paint dust in seams and around buttons of mattress. Use dust or aerosol in all joints of the bed frame. If possible disassemble bed frame and treat from all angles with dust and aerosol. After the mattress and box spring has been treated enclose both of these with Mattress Safe Bed Bug Encasements. With these covers you can keep your bed and do not have to treat it again.

bulb duster Use a Bulb 4 Oz. Duster to really get into the cracks and crevices with the Pyganic DustAnother tool used for dusting would be a small paint brush or small makeup brus Put a sll amount of dust on the tip of the brush, brushing into cracks and crevices.

Important!! Do all of the treatments (as described above) 3 times, 10 days apart.
Bed bugs come out to feed every few weeks, so retreament is critical.
DO NOT USE FOGGERS OF ANY KIND !!!!!!!!!! THESE SCATTER THE BEDBUGS AND MAKE YOUR JOB MANY TIMES MORE DIFFICULT !!!!!!!!!!!!

Other products that will be useful for bed bug control are:
Gentrol IGR. Use for long term bedbug control, prevents the young from maturing into adults. Especially useful for commercial establishments.
All of the products mentioned in this article can be found on our website.
Feel free to call with any questions or concerns with any of our products.

Bedbug Diet

Although the preferred host is human host, it will feed on other animals, such as poultry, mice, rats, canaries, dogs, and cats if necessary. They normally feed at night, but may feed in the daylight in rooms that are not used at night.

Bed Bugs Life Cycle

Bed Bugs Life Cycle Diagram

The life cycle stages of a bed bug are egg, nymph, and adult. The reason they are called bed bugs is that they readily infest mattresses, bed frames and box springs. Eggs are laid along the edges of or around buttons on the mattresses. Eggs can also be glued to rough surfaces.

Bed bug females lay about 200 eggs, usually at the rate of three or four a day, in cracks and crevices in the floor or bed. Eggs are placed in cracks, crevices and other isolated and protected shelters. Females lay eggs after a blood meal. Eggs will hatch in one or two weeks into Nymphs. Newly hatched bugs(Nymphs) begin feeding immediately. At room temperature, and with an available food supply, the nymphal period will last 14 to 30 days. They shed their skin (Instar)five times before becoming adults. Bed bugs will mate soon after becoming mature, so the time from egg hatch to egg laying will be 4 to 9 weeks, under favorable conditions. The average life span of the bed bug is 6-12 months and they will feed every 10 days or so during this time. Because bed bugs survive many months without a blood meal .their reproduction is high.

Bedbug Habits

The female will lay eggs in cracks and crevices along the edges of mattresses, box springs and bed frames. Bed bugs will also inhabit other cracks and crevices throughout a room that is infested. These other areas include; behind picture frames, switch plate covers, loose wallpaper, under door and window casings, baseboards or along the edges of carpets.

Bed bugs hide in cracks and crevices during daylight hours.

They hide in the folds and tufts of mattresses, coils of springs, cracks and hollow posts of bed stands bed rails and headboards. They may be found in box springs, inside the cabinetry of furniture and the bottom and sides of drawers.

Bed bugs may hide in upholstery of chairs and sofas.

They are not restricted to these places, however.

A second common source for bedbug infestation occurs in homes where bats, swallows, chimney swifts, pigeons, or other wild hosts have been roosting. Although similar in appearance, these bedbug species that normally feed on bats and birds can be differentiated from the Common Bedbug that prefer humans.
The bat bedbug can and often feeds on humans. The bat bedbug has long hairs on it's body. Eliminate their bat hosts from the building and seal all openings so that bats cannot enter.

Another group of bugs resembling the bed bug infest birds. These bugs are usually confined to bird nests. To control these parasites, the birds and their nests must be removed, and an application of with a residual spray such as Cyonara 9.7 should be applied to the area.

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What do bed bug bites look like and do they carry disease?

bed bug bites
Click on image to enlarge

Bed bugs are not usually considered to be disease carriers.

They do suck blood from their host with piercing mouth parts but the bite is painless.

The skin may become irritated or inflamed due to the salivary fluid injected by the bed bugs .A small, hard, swollen, white welt may develop at the site of each bite.

It is important to recognize that not all bites or bite-like reactions are due to bed bugs. Bed bugs or their signs will be present if it is a bed bug bite.

Bed bugs do not live under the skin. If you experience biting sensations during the day, it may be an allergy related condition.

(Other possible sources of irritation are discussed in University of Kentucky entomology fact sheet Invisible Itches: Insect and Non-Insect Causes).

Preventing Bed Bug Infestations

It's important to inspect used furniture, particularly bed frames and mattresses before bringing it into the home. Mattresses, in particular, carry the greatest risk of harboring Bed Bugs and their eggs. You should be wary of acquiring used furnishings, especially beds and couches.

A practice that we have incorporated in our traveling is to inspect for bed bugs in hotel rooms. If possible, carry a flashlight with you and inspect the bed area completely as described above. Also, you may want to inspect or vacuum luggage when you arrive home to prevent any transference.

You can usejt eaton bebug control for luggage and mattresses JT Eaton Bedbug Control for Luggage and Mattresses and spray this both on your luggage and mattresses during travel.

bds bed bug detection system BDS Bed Bug Detection System

The Catchmaster BDS recreates the conditions that bedbugs consider perfect including dark, tight tunneling areas and rough woodsy material. Bed bugs would usually be found: inside the small grooves of corrugated boxes, between mattress creases and aound/under wooden furniture.Each monitor has an adhesive backing which allows you to mount the trap on almost any surface, such as the back of a picture frame.

verifi bed bug detector

Verifi Bed Bug Monitor/Detector Trap

Verifi is the newest out by FMC that has proven results for detecting the presence of bed bugs for 90 days. This trap is unique because it traps the whole bed bug population. Not only does it attract the blood seeking bed bugs but also the bed bugs that are seeking shelter.

Can I prevent bed bugs from entering my home?

  • After coming home from a trip some infestations can be prevented by washing any clothing or bedding used on the trip.Do this immediately.
  • If you buy used furniture, inspect very well all the items before bringing them into your residence.
  • Never bring discarded bed frames, mattresses, box springs, or upholstered furniture into your home.